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3. The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have _____ third one because _____ second one is rather too small. (2002上海春)

  A. a; a            B. the; the           C. a; the            D. the; a

試題詳情

2. Mr. Brown bought _____ new telephone yesterday so he told me the new by _____ telephone.

  A. a; the          B. the; /             C. the; the           D. a; /

試題詳情

1. I don’t like talking on _____ telephone; I prefer writing _____ letters. (2002北京)

  A. a; the          B. the; /             C. the; the           D. a; /

試題詳情

365. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____ pale.

    A. got              B. changed          C. went             D. appeared

第三章 語  法

高考英語單項(xiàng)填空設(shè)題的方法與角度的依據(jù)是“三維模式”,即從結(jié)構(gòu)、語義和語用三個(gè)方面來出題,切入的角度有7個(gè),即:交際、情態(tài)、反述、省略與替代、特定句式、概念外延和思維定式。

1) 結(jié)構(gòu)方面

   NMET單項(xiàng)填空題的句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般是完整的,即有主語和謂語。主語相當(dāng)于句子的主題,指明句子講的是什么,一般是對方已知的信息;謂語是對有關(guān)問題加以說明的部份,一般是向?qū)Ψ教峁┬碌男畔?疾榈闹攸c(diǎn),也是在謂語部分。命題人有時(shí)故意將謂語部分的結(jié)構(gòu)加以改變,“神似貌非”,迷惑考生。根據(jù)思維定勢的負(fù)遷移作用,命題人往往設(shè)置干擾性很強(qiáng)的干擾項(xiàng)。這就要求考生不僅具備牢固的基礎(chǔ)知識,更要具備靈活的臨場分析應(yīng)變能力。例如:

① -Do you know our town at all?

 -No, this is the first time I _____ here.

 A. was           B. have been         C. am            D. m corning

分析:B最佳。該句運(yùn)用了這樣一個(gè)句型“It/This+is+the+序數(shù)詞+time+that……”。在這個(gè)句型中that從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。切入角度:結(jié)構(gòu)+交際+特定句式

② The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

A. until           B. that                   C. when           D. where

分析:C最佳。本題題干長,信息量大,句子成分多,結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,選項(xiàng)之間相互干擾強(qiáng),難度大。在空白處前,既有時(shí)間名詞the hours,又有人稱代詞me 或副詞詞組back to me。這很難一下子判斷出先行詞究竟是“the hours”還是“me”。上句可以寫成The film brought the hours(--I was taken good care of in that faraway village)back to me.根據(jù)先行詞為the hours, C項(xiàng)應(yīng)為最佳答案。設(shè)題角度:結(jié)構(gòu)+替代+特定句式

2) 語義方面

每個(gè)單項(xiàng)填空題的考查實(shí)際上都是對語義的考查。語境、結(jié)構(gòu)只是語言運(yùn)用的外在形式,都是為了恰當(dāng)?shù)乇磉_(dá)出一定的語義服務(wù)的。認(rèn)真地審題,準(zhǔn)確地把握語義,對于解答好單項(xiàng)填空題,提高解題能力,起著十分重要的作用。雖然近幾年來NMET試題的題干越來越長,結(jié)構(gòu)越來越復(fù)雜,暗示信息也難以把握,同學(xué)們解答起來有一定的難度,但是命題人所設(shè)置的題干均是表達(dá)規(guī)范得體,語義符合邏輯的語言載體。同學(xué)們解題時(shí)要認(rèn)真推敲,切勿“望文生義”。

例如:

①I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?

 A. where             B. what               C. how                D. which

分析:D最佳。題干已經(jīng)明確交待了“某一本書或另一本書”,只是還沒有確定究竟是哪一本而已。而且,“or”也給考生起了提示作用,表示選擇。故選擇D項(xiàng) , 設(shè)題角度:語義+替代 。

② - Have you seen _____ pen?  I left it here this morning.

   - Is it _____ black one?  I think I saw it somewhere.

A. a; the          B. the; the            C. the; a              D. a; a

分析:D最佳。本題雖說是考查冠詞的用法,但也是語義+思維定式考查的具體體現(xiàn)。因?yàn)橥ǔN覀冊诠谠~教學(xué)中最初都說:泛指某人或某物時(shí)用不定冠詞;而表示特定的或上文已提到過的人或物用定冠詞。然而此處從題干暗示可以看出,問句與答語中的pen均非特指,故前后均用不定冠詞。語義+交際+思維定式

3) 語用方面

NMET單項(xiàng)選擇試題越來越重視語用能力的考查,即:語言實(shí)用能力。具體而言;基礎(chǔ)語法知識,詞匯、習(xí)語及交際用語等都以置一語境的形式來考查,使語言更具靈活、生動和得體。題干的條件信息愈隱蔽,各選項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)十分相似而、且具有較強(qiáng)的干擾性,這樣更能體現(xiàn)試題能力立意的要求。例如:

① --- Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?

  --- I ’m afraid _____ day is possible. (NMET 99)

A. either          B. some               C. neither              D. any

分析:C為最佳。本題設(shè)置實(shí)際語境,問者期望Monday or Tuesday 選擇一天,而答者有afraid之義,不能如問者的期望。依據(jù)語言的得體性,答案只能選C。設(shè)題角度:語用+概念外延+交際。

② - I stayed at a hotel  while in New York.

  - Oh,did you? You _____ with Barbara.

A. could have stayed  B. could stay           C. would stay          D. must have stayed

分析:A最佳。本題屬于情態(tài)動詞交際情景中的運(yùn)用。題干涉過去(在紐約)所發(fā)生的事;同時(shí)從“did you ”語氣可以看出“你本來是能夠(could have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起的,而不是“你一定(must have stayed)和芭芭拉住在一起”,故選A,語用+情態(tài)+反述。

第一節(jié). 高考語法一題多變訓(xùn)練題(選擇最佳答案)

試題詳情

364. They’ve _____ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it?

    A. provided          B. supplied          C. shown            D. offered

試題詳情

363. He accidently _____ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.

    A. let out            B. took care          C. made sure         D. made out

試題詳情

362. --- _____ for the glass!

    --- It’s OK. I’m wearing shoes.

    A. Look out          B. Walk out          C. Go out               D. Set out

試題詳情

361. A man is being questioned in relation to the _____ murder last night.

    A. advised           B. attended          C. attempted         D. admitted

試題詳情

360. It’s ten years since the scientist _____ on his life’s work of discoverig the valuable chemical.

    A. made for          B. set out            C. took off          D. turned up

試題詳情

359. If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would _____.

    A. act              B. help             C. serve             D. last

試題詳情


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